In the traditional way to design the energy storage spring of the circuit breaker the method of experience trial calculation is mainly adopted, which may easily lead to unreasonable parameters of the spring structure, large volume of circuit breaker and poor breaking performance. Therefore, An improved cloud particle swarm optimization algorithm combined with catfish effect was applied to optimize the parameters of energy storage spring of circuit breaker. Firstly, according to the working principle of energy storage springs, the mathematical optimization design model of the energy storage springs and the constraints of the spring parameter design were deduced. Then, improving the algorithm based on the optimization model, on the basis of the traditional particle swarm optimization algorithm, catfish effect strategy was introduced to produce various candidate solutions, avoiding the algorithm falling into local optimal value and the optimization speed weighting factor was adjusted combined with the cloud model to speed up the convergence of the algorithm and improve the ability of global search solutions. Finally, the improved algorithm was used to simulate the optimization model of the energy storage spring of circuit breakers and calculate the corresponding spring parameters. The results show that the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm can achieve miniaturization and better breaking performance of circuit breakers.